https://sleep.org.au

• Sleep disorder. Pause (Apnoea) or shallow breathing (hypopnea) attacks during sleep. causes increase in CO2 → increased resp drive → wake → repeat

• 5/hour is diagnostic.

• Central (CSA: 0.5%): Respiratory centre neural failure.
• Obstructive (OSA: 85%): physical block in air flow (flaccid soft palate)
• Mixed (15%): mix of both.

Risk factors

• Male, later age, obesity, large neck, enlarged tonsils, tongue, allergy, sinusitis, URTI, nasal septum deviation, pharyngeal tumours etc.

Symptom

• snoring, day time sleepiness, fatigue, steatosis, NASH, metabolic syndrome, hypertension. (increased CO2 hypoxia, cardiorespiratory stress)

Diagnosis & Therapy

• Overnight Polysomnography* – sleep study.

• CPAP: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure *

• Devices to hold soft palate, surgery (tum) etc.

• Obstructive sleep apnoea