Titbits

Diabetes from Greek diabainein “siphon” & “Mellitus sweet/Honey”. (insipidus → tasteless).

• Disorder of metabolism (Carb, Prot & Fat) due to lack of insulin.
• Deficiency (Type1) / Resistance (Type 2), many subtypes.
• Characterized by Polyuria, Polydipsia & Polyphagia with Hyperglycaemia.

Demographics

• 8% of world population, increasing, Shortens life span by 15 years.
• Most Common Life style / non communicable disease.
• Leading cause of blindness, Kidney disease & leg amputation.
• Developing countries – leaders in DM & Obesity...!
• Australia: 7th leading cause of death, 1M diabetics - half unaware!

Pathophysiology

<aside> 💡 glucose burns - must be utilised or safely stored as fat or else damage

</aside>

• decrease glucose inside cells: cell starving, fatigue, damage & degeneration.
• increase glucose out in Blood: damage BV (angiopathy) & tissues CNS, Kidney, Eyes. *Immunosup. → infections
• Pathogenesis of clinical features